risk-group-RG-2

http://www4.od.nih.gov/oba/rac/guidelines_02/APPENDIX_B.htm

Those agents not listed in Risk Groups (RGs) 2, 3 and 4 are not automatically or implicitly classified in RG1; a risk
assessment must be conducted based on the known and potential properties of the agents and their relationship to
agents that are listed.

Many known pathogenic members of the coliform group are not listed here.

Appendix B-II.   Risk Group 2 (RG2) Agents

RG2 agents are associated with human disease which is rarely serious and for which preventive or therapeutic
interventions are often available.

Appendix B-II-A.   Risk Group 2 (RG2) - Bacterial Agents Including Chlamydia

--Acinetobacter baumannii (formerly Acinetobacter calcoaceticus)

--Actinobacillus

--Actinomyces pyogenes (formerly Corynebacterium pyogenes)

--Aeromonas hydrophila

--Amycolata autotrophica

--Archanobacterium haemolyticum (formerly Corynebacterium haemolyticum)

--Arizona hinshawii - all serotypes

--Bacillus anthracis

--Bartonella henselae, B. quintana, B. vinsonii

--Bordetella including B. pertussis

--Borrelia recurrentis, B. burgdorferi

--Burkholderia (formerly Pseudomonas species) except those listed in Appendix B-III-A (RG3))

--Campylobacter coli, C. fetus, C. jejuni

--Chlamydia psittaci, C. trachomatis, C. pneumoniae

--Clostridium botulinum, Cl. chauvoei, Cl. haemolyticum, Cl. histolyticum, Cl. novyi, Cl. septicum, Cl. tetani

--Corynebacterium diphtheriae, C. pseudotuberculosis, C. renale

--Dermatophilus congolensis

--Edwardsiella tarda        [Coliform]

--Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

--Escherichia coli - all enteropathogenic, enterotoxigenic, enteroinvasive and strains bearing K1 antigen, including E.
coli O157:H7                          [Coliform - except 0157:H7]

--Haemophilus ducreyi, H. influenzae

--Helicobacter pylori

--Klebsiella - all species except K. oxytoca (RG1)   [Coliform]

--Legionella including L. pneumophila

--Leptospira interrogans - all serotypes

--Listeria

--Moraxella

--Mycobacterium (except those listed in Appendix B-III-A (RG3)) including M. avium complex, M. asiaticum, M. bovis
BCG vaccine strain, M. chelonei, M. fortuitum, M. kansasii, M. leprae, M. malmoense, M. marinum, M. paratuberculosis,
M. scrofulaceum, M. simiae, M. szulgai, M. ulcerans, M. xenopi

--Mycoplasma, except M. mycoides and M. agalactiae which are restricted animal pathogens

--Neisseria gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis

--Nocardia asteroides, N. brasiliensis, N. otitidiscaviarum, N. transvalensis

--Rhodococcus equi

--Salmonella including S. arizonae, S. cholerasuis, S. enteritidis, S. gallinarum-pullorum, S. meleagridis, S. paratyphi,
A, B, C, S. typhi, S. typhimurium    [Coliform]

--Shigella including S. boydii, S. dysenteriae, type 1, S. flexneri, S. sonnei [Coliform]

--Sphaerophorus necrophorus

--Staphylococcus aureus

--Streptobacillus moniliformis

--Streptococcus including S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes

--Treponema pallidum, T. carateum

--Vibrio cholerae, V. parahemolyticus, V. vulnificus

--Yersinia enterocolitica               [Coliform]

Appendix B-II-D.   Risk Group 2 (RG2) - Viruses

Adenoviruses, human - all types

Alphaviruses (Togaviruses) - Group A Arboviruses

--Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus

--Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis vaccine strain TC-83

--Western equine encephalomyelitis virus

Arenaviruses

--Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (non-neurotropic strains)

--Tacaribe virus complex

--Other viruses as listed in the reference source (see Section V-C, Footnotes and References of Sections I through IV)

Bunyaviruses

--Bunyamwera virus

--Rift Valley fever virus vaccine strain MP-12

--Other viruses as listed in the reference source (see Section V-C, Footnotes and References of Sections I through IV)

Caliciviruses

Coronaviruses

Flaviviruses (Togaviruses) - Group B Arboviruses

--Dengue virus serotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4

--Yellow fever virus vaccine strain 17D

--Other viruses as listed in the reference source (see Section V-C, Footnotes and References of Sections I through IV)

Hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E viruses

Herpesviruses - except Herpesvirus simiae (Monkey B virus) (see Appendix B-IV-D, Risk Group 4 (RG4) - Viral
Agents)

--Cytomegalovirus

--Epstein Barr virus

--Herpes simplex types 1 and 2

--Herpes zoster

--Human herpesvirus types 6 and 7

Orthomyxoviruses

--Influenza viruses types A, B, and C

--Other tick-borne orthomyxoviruses as listed in the reference source (see Section V-C, Footnotes and References of
Sections I through IV)

Papovaviruses

--All human papilloma viruses

Paramyxoviruses

--Newcastle disease virus

--Measles virus

--Mumps virus

--Parainfluenza viruses types 1, 2, 3, and 4

--Respiratory syncytial virus

Parvoviruses

--Human parvovirus (B19)

Picornaviruses

--Coxsackie viruses types A and B

--Echoviruses - all types

--Polioviruses - all types, wild and attenuated

--Rhinoviruses - all types

Poxviruses - all types except Monkeypox virus (see Appendix B-III-D, Risk Group 3 (RG3) - Viruses and Prions) and
restricted poxviruses including Alastrim, Smallpox, and Whitepox (see Section V-L, Footnotes and References of
Sections I through IV)

Reoviruses - all types including Coltivirus, human Rotavirus, and Orbivirus (Colorado tick fever virus)

Rhabdoviruses

--Rabies virus - all strains

--Vesicular stomatitis virus - laboratory adapted strains including VSV-Indiana, San Juan, and Glasgow

Togaviruses (see Alphaviruses and Flaviviruses)

--Rubivirus (rubella)

Appendix B-II-B.   Risk Group 2 (RG2) - Fungal Agents

--Blastomyces dermatitidis

--Cladosporium bantianum, C. (Xylohypha) trichoides

--Cryptococcus neoformans

--Dactylaria galopava (Ochroconis gallopavum)

--Epidermophyton

--Exophiala (Wangiella) dermatitidis

--Fonsecaea pedrosoi

--Microsporum

--Paracoccidioides braziliensis

--Penicillium marneffei

--Sporothrix schenckii

--Trichophyton

Appendix B-II-C.   Risk Group 2 (RG2) - Parasitic Agents

--Ancylostoma human hookworms including A. duodenale, A. ceylanicum

--Ascaris including Ascaris lumbricoides suum

--Babesia including B. divergens, B. microti

--Brugia filaria worms including B. malayi, B. timori

--Coccidia

--Cryptosporidium including C. parvum

--Cysticercus cellulosae (hydatid cyst, larva of T. solium)

--Echinococcus including E. granulosis, E. multilocularis, E. vogeli

--Entamoeba histolytica

--Enterobius

--Fasciola including F. gigantica, F. hepatica

--Giardia including G. lamblia

--Heterophyes

--Hymenolepis including H. diminuta, H. nana

--Isospora

--Leishmania including L. braziliensis, L. donovani, L. ethiopia, L. major, L. mexicana, L. peruvania, L. tropica

--Loa loa filaria worms

--Microsporidium

--Naegleria fowleri

--Necator human hookworms including N. americanus

--Onchocerca filaria worms including, O. volvulus

--Plasmodium including simian species, P. cynomologi, P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale, P. vivax

--Sarcocystis including S. sui hominis

--Schistosoma including S. haematobium, S. intercalatum, S. japonicum, S. mansoni, S. mekongi

--Strongyloides including S. stercoralis

--Taenia solium

--Toxocara including T. canis

--Toxoplasma including T. gondii

--Trichinella spiralis

--Trypanosoma including T. brucei brucei, T. brucei gambiense, T. brucei rhodesiense, T. cruzi

--Wuchereria bancrofti filaria worms